阻垢剂简介

阻垢剂是水处理行业专业名词，是用来阻止垢类生成的化学药剂。

结垢过程

当给水进入RO系统后，在高压泵的作用下，一部分给水透过RO膜成为低含盐量的产品水，另一部分未透过去的给水成为浓水排除RO系统，这个过程历时15min-25min不等。复合膜脱盐率在标准测试条件下可达到99.5%，现场系统脱盐率可达98%左右。也就是说，98%以上的盐分都留在RO浓水中，在系统回收率维持在75%的情况下，RO浓水的盐分接近给水盐分的4倍，由于短时间的快速高度浓缩，打破了给水的原有化学平衡，推动了结垢的产生，主要由以下两种垢类。

一类是无机垢类。如下列化学平衡式所示，当左边的离子浓度因浓缩成倍增加时，必然推动着沉淀平衡向右方运动，析出CaCO₃、CaSO₄、BaSO₄、SrSO₄、CaF₂，等沉淀和CO₂气体。具体析出的垢类种类、析出数量、析出时间、析出形态等还要受动力学因素和其他组分(Fe、AI、Mn、SiO₂等)的影响。

Ca²⁺+2HCO₃^- ↔ CaCO₃↓+CO₂↑+H₂O             K_{SP 25℃}=3.36 x 10^-9

Ca²⁺+SO₄^2- ↔ CaSO₄↓                           K_{SP 25℃}=4.93 x 10^-5

Ba²⁺+ SO₄^2- ↔ BaSO₄↓                           K_{SP 25℃}=1.1x 10^-10

Sr²⁺+ SO₄^2- ↔ SrSO₄↓                            K_{SP 25℃}=3.8x10^-7

Ca²⁺+2F^- ↔ CaF₂↓                              K_{SP 25℃}=3.45x10^-11

3Ca²⁺+2P0₄^3- ↔ Ca₃(PO₄)₂↓                       K_{SP 25℃}=2.07x10^-33

另一类是Fe、A1、Mn、SiO₂胶体及其他胶体的脱稳和析出。对绝大多数水质而言，SiO₂的含量比Fe、A1、Mn含量高的多，所以现场多为SiO₂结垢，而且Fe、A1、Mn除了本身能形成胶体垢之外，其离子态还能明显影响SiO₂的溶解度。因此，Fe、Al、Mn、SiO₂凡是中有一个或多个指标偏高的系统，设计时应仔细斟酌合适的处理工艺、调试时采取十分谨慎的加药措施、运行时密切监督加药效果和运行参数的变化。整个过程中，还应加强对给水水质变化的监督，水质一旦发生剧变时要即使采用响应的措施。

除了无机垢类，RO系统中还可能产生有机垢类和生物垢类。对于这些垢类，阻垢剂也可能包含一些具有杀菌、灭藻、去除有机物的成分，以达到全面的阻垢效果。

结垢对RO系统影响

结垢对RO系统影响主要表现在以下几点:

※ RO系统的标准化产水量会逐渐下降，因为膜的微孔被堵，水不易透过RO膜层。

※ RO系统的给水压力和压差均会有显著增加。

※ 系统脱盐率的变化视结垢污堵的严重程度而定。如果垢层薄且均匀，脱盐率不会有太大的变化，如果垢层致密且发生了给水通道堵塞的情况，则系统脱盐率可能有较大下降。

阻垢剂的工作原理主要是通过以下几种方式实现的

※ 螯合作用：阻垢剂中的某些成分能够与水体中的金属离子（如钙、镁等）发生螯合反应，形成稳定的螯合物，防止这些金属离子与阴离子结合形成垢类物质。

※ 晶格畸变：阻垢剂能够吸附在垢类物质的晶格上，改变其晶体结构，使垢类物质难以形成或形成的垢类物质松软易碎，易于被水流冲走。

※ 吸附与分散作用：阻垢剂能够分散已经形成的微小垢类颗粒，防止它们聚集形成大的垢块，从而保持水体的清洁。

阻垢剂应用的注意事项

※ 阻垢剂使用前需确认药剂与膜的兼容性。

※ 结垢性强的水质，只要系统在运行制水，阻垢剂一定要及时足量加入。山西、内蒙等地的水质过饱和度经常极高，短时停药，也可能导致急剧严重的结垢，甚至RO系统第一段都会产生结垢现象。

※ 建议每次配药量控制在十天之内用完，时间过长影响药剂性能。

※ 阴垢剂加药泵的校核应保证3个条件;泵的出口要有RO系统正常运行的压力;加药泵的入口产日装满药的500ml量简内;加药管道内的气体排尽。这样得到的加药量才与系统正常运行时一致。

※ 加药泵的行程与加药量并非线形关系。因此，调试的过程应该描出行程和加药量的准确关系曲线，以方便将来运行过程中的调节。

※ 运行人员每隔2小时记录一次运行数据时，同时应该巡视现场一遍，包括阻垢剂加药系统。一旦出现异常，及时采取调节措施。

※ 在选择和使用阻垢剂时，需要根据RO系统的具体水质条件、运行参数、垢类特性等因素进行综合考虑，以确保阻垢剂的有效性和安全性。同时，还需要定期对RO系统进行清洗和维护，以清除已经形成的垢类物质，保持系统的正常运行。

Introduction to scale inhibitor

Scale inhibitor is a professional term in the water treatment industry, which is used to prevent the formation of scale chemicals.

Scaling process

When the water enters the RO system, under the action of high pressure pump, part of the water becomes low salt product water through the RO film, and the other part of the water that does not pass through the water becomes concentrated water to exclude the RO system, the process lasts from 15min to 25min. The desalting rate of composite membrane can reach 99.5% under standard test conditions, and the desalting rate of field system can reach about 98%. That is to say, more than 98% of the salt is left in the RO concentrated water, in the case of the system recovery rate of 75%, the salt of the RO concentrated water is close to 4 times the salt of the water supply, due to the rapid and high concentration of a short time, breaking the original chemical balance of the water supply, and promoting the generation of scale, mainly by the following two kinds of scale.

One is inorganic scale. As shown in the following chemical equilibrium formula, when the ion concentration on the left is doubled due to concentration, the precipitation equilibrium will inevitably move to the right, precipitating CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, CaF2, and other precipitation and CO2 gases. The specific scale type, amount, time and form of precipitation are also affected by kinetic factors and other components (Fe, AI, Mn, SiO2, etc.).

Ca²⁺+2HCO₃^- ↔ CaCO₃↓+CO₂↑+H₂O             K_{SP 25℃}=3.36 x 10^-9

Ca²⁺+SO₄^2- ↔ CaSO₄↓                           K_{SP 25℃}=4.93 x 10^-5

Ba²⁺+ SO₄^2- ↔ BaSO₄↓                           K_{SP 25℃}=1.1x 10^-10

Sr²⁺+ SO₄^2- ↔ SrSO₄↓                            K_{SP 25℃}=3.8x10^-7

Ca²⁺+2F^- ↔ CaF₂↓                              K_{SP 25℃}=3.45x10^-11

3Ca²⁺+2P0₄^3- ↔ Ca₃(PO₄)₂↓                       K_{SP 25℃}=2.07x10^-33

The other is the destabilization and precipitation of Fe, A1, Mn, SiO2 colloids and other colloids. For the vast majority of water quality, the content of SiO2 is much higher than the content of Fe, A1, Mn, so the site is mostly SiO2 scaling, and Fe, A1, Mn in addition to forming colloidal scale itself, its ionic state can also significantly affect the solubility of SiO2. Therefore, Fe, Al, Mn, SiO2 where there is one or more high indicators of the system, the design should carefully consider the appropriate treatment process, debugging to take very careful dosing measures, and closely supervise the dosing effect and the change of operating parameters during operation. In the whole process, the supervision of water quality changes should also be strengthened, and the response measures should be adopted once the water quality changes.

In addition to inorganic scale, organic scale and biological scale may also be produced in the RO system. For these scales, the scale inhibitor may also contain some ingredients that have sterilization, algal destruction, and organic matter removal to achieve a comprehensive scale inhibition effect.

Effect of scaling on RO system

The impact of scaling on RO system is mainly manifested in the following points:

※ The standardized water yield of the RO system will gradually decrease because the micropores of the membrane are blocked and water cannot easily penetrate the RO membrane layer.

※ The feed water pressure and differential pressure of the RO system will be significantly increased.

※ The change of system desalting rate depends on the severity of fouling. If the scale layer is thin and uniform, the desalting rate will not change much, if the scale layer is dense and the water supply channel is blocked, the system desalting rate may be greatly reduced.

The working principle of scale inhibitor is mainly achieved through the following ways

※ Chelation: Some components of the scale inhibitor can chelate with metal ions in the water body (such as calcium, magnesium, etc.) to form stable chelates to prevent these metal ions from combining with anions to form scale substances.

※ Lattice distortion: Scale inhibitor can be adsorbed on the lattice of scale substances, changing their crystal structure, making scale substances difficult to form or formed scale substances soft and fragile, easy to be washed away by water flow.

※ Adsorption and dispersion: Scale inhibitor can disperse the small scale particles that have been formed, prevent them from aggregating to form large scale blocks, so as to keep the water clean.e normal operation of the system.

Precautions for scale inhibitor application

※ Before use of scale inhibitor, confirm the compatibility of the agent and the film.

※ For water quality with strong scaling, as long as the system is making water in operation, the scale inhibitor must be added in a timely and sufficient amount. The supersaturation of water in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places is often extremely high, and short-term withdrawal of medicine may also lead to sharp and serious scaling, and even the first stage of the RO system will produce scaling.

※ It is recommended that each dosage be used up within ten days, and too long a time will affect the performance of the drug.

※ The check of the dirty agent dosing pump should ensure 3 conditions; The outlet of the pump should have the pressure of the normal operation of the RO system; The inlet of the dosing pump is filled with 500ml of medicine per day; The gas in the dosing line is drained. The dosage obtained in this way is consistent with the normal operation of the system.

※ The stroke of the dosing pump is not linear with the amount of dosing. Therefore, the process of debugging should trace the accurate relationship curve between the stroke and the dosage, so as to facilitate the adjustment in the future operation.

※ When the operator records the operation data every 2 hours, he/she should also visit the site, including the scale inhibitor dosing system. In case of abnormality, take adjustment measures in time.

※ When selecting and using scale inhibitors, comprehensive consideration should be made according to the specific water quality conditions, operating parameters, scale characteristics and other factors of the RO system to ensure the effectiveness and safety of scale inhibitors. At the same time, it is also necessary to regularly clean and maintain the RO system to remove the scale substances that have formed and maintain the normal operation of the system.

高性能无磷液体阻垢剂TYCK-EPCZ70508

产品介绍

无磷配方液体阻垢剂/稳定剂，高性能控制反渗透/纳滤系统中结垢现象发生。

产品特性

※ 适合用于主要的反渗透膜、纳滤膜。

※ 有效控制碳酸钙结垢，LSI值达+2.8尚不致结垢。

※ 有效控制碳酸钙、磷酸钙、硫酸锶、硫酸钡等结垢。

※ 针对原水中高含量的铝、铁等金属离子成分实施有效控制。

游进入浓水后分解物质对环境无害单体，绿色环保。

※ 可高效用于宽泛的PH范围。

※与LF120等有机高分子阳离子絮凝剂兼容。

※ 与水中有机物的兼容度好，可用于地表水、废水作为水源的RO系统

性能参数

※外观:浅黄色至琥珀色液体

※ 溶解度(20℃):完全溶于水

※密度(g/cm320℃):1.00-1.20

※ PH值(10%水溶液):1.50-3.50

使用说明

※ TYCK-EPCZ70508是高性能无磷液体阻垢剂，用于控制和减少膜分离系统中易垢成分的沉积和污堵。当系统采用了最佳的加药方式，使用TYCK-EPCZ70508药剂作为预防性前处理，可有效减少系统常规清洗，TYCK-EPCZ70508可直接添加或稀释后添加，以适应不同规模的系统，即使在高浓度下也不会发生沉淀，结晶或类似污染膜表面的情况。

加药量

※ 推荐加药点为保安过滤器或混合器之前，常规加药量是2-4ppm，最大稀释倍数建议小于10倍。具体加药量应根据具体系统而定，因其受很多因素的影响而变化，如PH值、温度、回收率、进水含盐量等。使用者如需额外加药量的添加指导或使用说明，请与TYCKOSON技术服务部门联系，本产品初次使用信息和安全防护事项，请参见TYCKOS0N提供的材料安全表格或产品标签说明。

High-performance phosphorus-free liquid scale inhibitor TYCK-EPCZ70508

Product introduction

Phosphorus-free liquid scale inhibitor/stabilizer for high performance control of scale formation in reverse osmosis/nanofiltration systems.

Product characteristics

※ Suitable for the main reverse osmosis membrane, nanofiltration membrane.

※ Effective control of calcium carbonate scale, LSI value of +2.8 is not scale.

※ Effective control of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, strontium sulfate, barium sulfate and other scale.

※ Effective control of aluminum, iron and other metal ion components in raw water.

Swim into the concentrated water after the decomposition of substances harmless to the environment monomer, green environmental protection.

※ Efficient for a wide PH range.

※ Compatible with organic polymer cationic flocculants such as LF120.

※ Good compatibility with organic matter in water, can be used for surface water, waste water as water source RO system

Performance parameter

※ Appearance: Light yellow to amber liquid

※ Solubility (20℃): completely soluble in water

※ Density (g/cm320℃):1.00-1.20

※ PH value (10% aqueous solution):1.50-3.50

Instructions for use

※ TYCK-EPCZ70508 is a high-performance, phosphorus-free liquid scale inhibitor designed to control and reduce deposition and fouling of scale-prone components in membrane separation systems. When the system adopts the best dosing method, the use of TYCK-EPCZ70508 agent as a preventive pre-treatment can effectively reduce the routine cleaning of the system, TYCK-EPCZ70508 can be added directly or after dilution to adapt to the system of different sizes, even at high concentrations, there will be no precipitation, crystallization or similar contamination of the surface of the film.

dosage

※ Before the recommended dosing point is the safety filter or mixer, the conventional dosing amount is 2-4ppm, and the maximum dilution is recommended to be less than 10 times. The specific dosage should be based on the specific system, because it is affected by many factors, such as PH, temperature, recovery rate, water salt content, etc. For additional dosage guidance or instructions, please contact TYCKOSON Technical Services. For information on initial use and safety precautions, please refer to the Material safety form or product label instructions provided by TYCKOS0N.

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